One Way You Can Lower the Cost of Produce Essay

One way you can lower the cost of produce and be sure of their origin is to grow your own. Even in urban centers people are doing so. Go on the internet and see how you can as well. Discuss and describe one way you can make this happen whether in a dining facility or at home. Produce cost will be lower if you grow them at your home because it will reduce many of the cost that is associated with if you have to buy them in the supermarket or the food/vegetable market. The cost of labor will be reduce, the cost of transportation; whether it’s by land or a combination of land, sea, and ship will also be reduced. These costs are trickle down to the consumers which at time cause the end product to be very expensive. For the people living in the urban areas there are several option which they can explore to cultivate their own produce. One of such is if they have a piece of land in their yard, they can plant different vegetables on the land. It doesn’t have to be in abundance, a root or two of the different vegetables. If the piece of land that is not dirt, if it is concrete they can build vegetable beds off the ground and plant their produce there. Another option is to use flower plots to plant your vegetables, this takes up a lot less space and give you the same results, your own produce. When you grow your own produce you have control over the type of fertilizer you used on your crops and you can allow them to grow within their own natural timing. Some of the produce one can grow are; carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, and sweet pepper. These are short crops that once control will not take up a lot of space. These produce sometimes cost a lost if you have to buy them, and since most people are becoming health conscience they are a part of their daily meals. You can imagine how much you can save and the peace of mind you can get not worrying about how they were grown when you grow your own produce. Growing your own produce is all good, I see no negative to it and it should be something we all practice so that we can have more disposable income, eat healthier, and contribute to the protection of the ozone layer.

A&P- Critical Analysis

I have chosen to write about the short story â€Å"A&P. † The story takes place in 1961 in a small town of New England, which has a small grocery store named A&P grocery store. The town contains very less population. From the setting, I came to a conclusion that the town was a very low maintenance town where everybody knows everybody (very tight community) with mostly old school beliefs and structures (religious beliefs, dress code, ethical values, morals). The town was visited by tourists for a very short period of time, who come to live for a while and can be said that they disturb with their own outside culture. The main character Sammy is nineteen, works or was working as we can say after the story, as a checker or observer at the local A&P store. (Alexadrov and Petrooshki Tea Company) The life of Sammy changes suddenly as one day three scantily clad young women enter the grocery store to buy some eateries. The women were wearing swim suits as they were coming from the beach, which was across the store. At this time, Sammy introduces his co cashier â€Å"Stokesie†, who was married and had two children. Because of attire of the trio women, everybody stared at them as they were contrast to the interiors of the store. Sammy being overwhelmed by seeing the trio women in the store, he even watches the expressions of the customers as they lay their eyes on women, which is being a guy/man and living in sort of a small town myself and you know all the girls . They are either taken or you just are not interested in them. Sammy tells everyone was overwhelmed seeing them because they were different as they were not seen before by anyone in the town. As said â€Å"everyone knows everyone†, the women were not familiar in town and this made everyone to attract themselves to women. This made to build a thought of â€Å"Wow, I have got to talk to her. Sammy thought only he has a chance to talk with them as Stokesie’s is married, with two children already. Even though Stokesie’s is married, Sammy tells even he was thinking of marrying those women knowing nothing about them. During last section of the story, Sammy quits his job over the women who came to the store. The reason he decided to quit can be understood as Sammy wanted to represent his manliness and bravery to the women. Sammy could not tolerate the way his superior was trying to confront the young ladies on what they were wearing in this time and a place of small town, which was embarrassing for those women to flaunt. The trio women were said to pay and leave quickly by the manager, which was the moment at which Sammy immediately thought of leaving the job without any second thought of what he was doing and what were the circumstances he has to face in near future. The action of Sammy can be explained as bravery, to attract the women by leaving his job for them, to stand up to his superior, risk his job, and also making a scene (which was not required). The only thing Sammy expected from the women was hell of a first impression. Author failed to explain any past experiences at the store that might have led Sammy to think of leaving the job. Assumptions like Sammy might have been fed up with his work and thought this moment as a chance to quit the job and look tough and manly, also attracting the queen of the group and the group of women themselves. Sammy wished to go out with the women but the story tells that he never looked back which was a very stupid action because, he could not meet the women if he was not looking back at the women and the whole thing done for them was going waste. In my view, it was very unreasonable to quit the job that too in a state of never getting it back just for the sake of couple of girls was very unreasonable and unnecessary as the story tells that Sammy had to look after his parents. If I was Sammy, I don’t care how awful the job was as I had to take care of my family, and help them financially. I did not cared about the women, besides how much beautiful and attractive the women were. I would have not argued and left the work in a state of getting it back impossibly just for proving something to the opposite sex. As the place was very small, even the opportunities of employment I think would be very difficult and if Sammy leaves his job for the silly reasons explained, the total life of Sammy would be in trouble along with their family and their financial status. I chose this story for the fact that the story imposes the mistake most of the people do in their life just by taking unreasonable decisions which don’t have any advantages but affects the life of the individual and sometimes their related people very badly. The mistakes can be categorized into unfortunate mistakes, but their effect shown in very near future. The mistakes done make us deny how one event leads to another and also shows the carelessness out actions are while doing things. The story ends by making Sammy realise of how his life will change after his unreasonable decisions taken with no thought imposed on the decisions. The story tells a moral that â€Å"the decisions taken with stupid reasons may not have immediate results but will have huge effect on life in near future†. The moral is very near to the butterfly effect, which explains that hurricanes are in even possible far away from where the butterfly flaps its wings.

Charts And Graph Essay Example For Students

Charts And Graph Essay The number to classes should be between S and IS. Power than 5 classes cause excessive summarization. More than IS classes leave too much detail. Class Width Divide the range by the number Of classes for an approximate class width Round up to a convenient number So if the number of classes Approximate e Class Width is = 6, then Class Width 10 The midpoint of each class interval is called the class midpoint or the class mark. Class Midpoint = class beginning point + =30+D class width The relative frequency is the proportion of the total frequency that is any given class interval in a truculence distribution. Relative Class Interval frequency Frequency 20-under 30 18 40-under SO asunder 70 50 T total 100 The cumulative frequency is a running total of frequencies through the classes of a frequency distribution. Cumulative Class Interdependency 40. Under SO so-under 60 3 49 madder 80 Total Frequency 18 +624 11 + 2435 46 Class IntervalFrequencyMidpointFrequency Frequency 0. Ender 40 40_under 50 ;under 60 under 80 1. 00 The cumulative relative frequency is a running total of the relative truculences through the classes of a truculence distribution, RelativeCumulativeRelative Class Intergovernmentalurgencyurgencyurgency 6. 12 under SO . 22 . 92 3. 06 C=under 80 Histogram vertical bar chart of frequencies Frequency Polygon line graph transiences Give line graph of cumulative frequencies Pie Chart proportional representation tort categories of a whole Class Interval

Historical significance of the US Airline Deregulation and the Open Essay

Historical significance of the US Airline Deregulation and the Open Skies Treaty-future international deregulation of the Commercial Airlines Transport - Essay Example In 1978, the US Congress deregulated the airline industry. The underlying principle of airline deregulation was that struggle among airlines would substitute government regulation in deciding fare and service assistance. The initial years of airline deregulation were distinguished by era of strong rivalry among the main airlines in addition to by competition from new-entrant airlines and from airlines previously restricted to intrastate markets.In the years between the inception of airline deregulation in 1978 and the upsurge of mergers starting in 1985, most of deregulation's advantages to customers came in the form of enhanced service and reduced fares as a result of contest from new participants and from the major network airlines themselves.The capacity to supply new and emergent markets, to shape broader route networks, and to charge low fares had been firmly controlled by regulation. These restructured services could be put into practice in no small degree as a result of advanc es in technology that facilitated the growth of advanced yield management systems. Such systems help airlines to present and to rapidly change the combination of high and low-fare seat capacity on a particular flight, in addition to manage both origin and destination and emanate traffic over the whole complex.As the restrictions on airline operations were raised by deregulation and the airlines promptly employed their new route and fare choice, customers in many markets acquired considerable gains. After the late-1980s mergers, nonetheless, the source of deregulation's gains started to change. The gains progressively became less caused by the actions of the main network airlines and more due to the actions of a small number of low-fare carriers. In the late 1990s, the major airlines' domestic route networks had become quite established and were built around hub airports usually dictated by a single carrier. These hub-based networks created geographic zones in which each key network airline has large presence and market power, particularly in short-haul, smaller markets. Consequently, the advantages of deregulation have all the time more come from contest among major network airlines in long-haul markets and from reduced fares in short-haul markets operated by low-fare airlines. In many of the markets not operated by low-fare airlines, the advantages of deregulation may well be eroding. Certainly, entrance by a low-fare carrier either into the industry or into a new market is not simple. Nevertheless, it is significant that new airlines have a prospect to vie for business on the strength of the product or services they present, rather than be required to deal with predatory practices by the serving carriers. Significance of the US Airline Deregulation: An Introduction The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 acted for the government's authority over fares and service and facilitated market dynamics to decide the price and scale of domestic airline service in the USA. Despite the fact overall fares have dropped and service has improved since deregulation, these gains have not been uniformly distributed all over the markets. In reality reported on the weak assets of some airlines that have caused insolvency and pension termination, 1 particularly among those airlines whose operations pre-date deregulation. Opponents of deregulation, that include some researchers, have named industry

Strategic Business Planning portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Strategic Business Planning portfolio - Essay Example The assignment comes in two portfolios labeled portfolio A and portfolio B by the writer. Whereas the portfolio A generally touches on the strengths and limitations of the plan and the degree to which it meets the needs of its target audience, the portfolio B critically evaluate the financial content of the plan, in particular: evaluate the extent to which the financial content meets the needs of potential investors. The writer find the assignment extremely important because as much as it serves as guiding tool for the organizations involved, it could also sharpen the writer’s skills and knowledge in building and assessing business plans for future needs. The company under scrutiny is Vusion Inc. Summary of Vusion Inc’s Business Plan Writing a business plan is an integral part of the administration of businesses, corporate bodies, organizations and companies (Bawuah, 2004). To a larger extent, getting the rubrics right is like an examination paper to a student. Though n ot an academic document, in order that writers of business plans achieve the desired aim for generally writing a business plan, there are certain criteria that need to be met. When summed, a workable business plan should have the capacity to tell a potential investor every good thing about a company and why the company is viable for investment. According to the Centre for Business Planning (2011), â€Å"Vusion is developing a chemical analyzer and Sensor Cartridge, based upon the Electronic Tongue TM technology, which can instantly analyze complex chemical solutions†. The central intention of the organization to pursue its current business plan sterns from the fact that the organization has realized that â€Å"many liquid processing industries do not have the technology available for real-time measurement of product quality† (Centre for Business Planning, 2011), To this end, the organization wishes to take advantage of the situation by introducing an analyzer and Senso r Cartridge that â€Å"will enable economical, real-time analysis of many complex chemical solutions, instantly identifying the presence and quantity of multiple chemicals within a mixture† (Centre for Business Planning, 2011). The core marketing and distribution strategy held by the organization is to merge with existing companies who are in related trade and who have already established themselves as giants â€Å"process control original equipment manufacturers (OEM) that supply instrumentation to fine chemical manufacturers, pharmaceutical companies, and biotechnological companies.† The company’s initial capital for its venture is $1,500,000, which is hoped to $8m in the following year and $12m in the third year. With all these investment, â€Å"Vusion projects $57 million in revenue with $11 million in net income by Year 6† (Centre for Business Planning, 2011). Portfolio A This portfolio is limited to evaluating all aspects of the business plan except the financial aspect. The organization in question for this portfolio is Vusion Inc. To achieve a well organized and coherent evaluation, the writer is conducting the evaluation under specific themes, created out of Blechman’

Report of business analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Report of business analysis - Essay Example According to Kanter (1995) such an action will not constitute an adequate response. This is so because success is based on an organization’s ability to create, rather than predict the future by developing those products that will literally transform the way the world thinks and view it self and the needs (Kanter 1995:71). Within the context of today’s global competition, businesses and firms no-longer compete as individual companies but try to corporate with other businesses in their activities (Wu & Chien 2007:2). These researchers went further to argue that, this strategy has become quite common in many businesses including the retail chain stores. The conventional vertical integrated company based business model is gradually being replaced by collaborative relationship between many fragmented, but complementary and specialized value stars and constellation (Wu & Chien: 1). In today’s global business environment it is no longer sufficient simply to meet customers demand as time quality and cost have become increasingly important in the phase of increasing competition (Petts 1997:551). According to Higgins (1998:2), â€Å"customers don’t always know what they need or even that there is a problem to be solved.† Success awaits those companies that recognize the fact that, to be successful and satisfy customers, it is often necessary to lead customers into recognizing these needs (Higgins 1998:2-3). Against this background, this paper focuses on the United Kingdom (UK) retail industry using certain analytical models such as the five forces, the PESTLE framework and the SWOT analysis. Focusing on this sector has a number of important advantages. Firstly, government regulations and control in this sector are quite strict. In addition, the retail sector represents one of the principal sectors of the UK economy, having one of the biggest employer and biggest multinational in the

434Mod1Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

434Mod1Case - Essay Example Often cyber ethics education is based on one significant theory or combination of two theories. The two major theoretical approaches are teleological and deontological theories. Teleological theories states action’s consequences to be a measure of action’s good. On the other hand deontological theories consider action’s righteousness to be above goodness. Utilitarian foundation is a part of teleological theories. This foundation states that action of an individual should be able to maximize happiness and good for all who are affected by such actions. It highlights the factor that actions of a person should be based on probable consequences that may be resulted by the action before it is been executed. This theory claims that a person should think about each and every individual and not just person taking a decision. Deontological theory is an ethical study based on duties. It considers duty and fidelity toward principle to be most essential factors (Gold, 2010). This theory states that an action’s consequences are not that important in comparison to rightness of the action. As per this theory an action is said to be valid if actions that are taken by individuals do not lead to any form of contradiction. The basic concept of this theory is that individuals should work according to their intelligence and virtue; act justly, should tell truth and avoid any form of injury towards others. Both the theories have different elements which state the importance of cyber ethics. This form of education has gained its importance in the recent years where stealing music or video is considered to be equivalent to actual theft. Students are made aware about the different cyber crimes and its impact on others (Starr, 2011). Information technology in the present scenario has given liberty to individuals to access various data but also it has posed a threat to one’s privacy. In American schools

Financial Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Financial Plan - Research Paper Example We exhibit a more consumer friendly corporate persona, which makes us more attractive for an economy conducive to socially responsible business ethics. The economy is becoming increasingly fragile which makes consumers less predictable. Accounting Financial Solutions will help individuals avoid risky economic behavior while ensuring long term spending from the private sector. Moreover, with foreclosures at an all time high, consumers are increasingly searching for peace of mind that their own property will not be foreclosed on in the future, our company helps them identify their personal income mile markers so they know if they how much effort is required of them to maintain their style of living. Executive Summary Accounting Financial Services (AFS) is a fairly new company with its operating principal possessing almost 15 years of industry specific experience. Our organization is operated by the proprietor. The major barriers preventing AFS from realizing its ideal operating capacit y are public visibility and consumer confidence. AFS has an existent customer base that expresses skeptic attitudes towards the existing residential operating space. With Identity theft on the rise, less consumers are willing to consult with individuals outside of brick and motor locations. Our existing clients represent a delicate marketing potential that is not being tapped because of our residential space. Intuits Stimulus Grant will provide the necessary capital to acquire a brick an motor location in order to generate consumer confidence in Accounting Financials Solutions ability to deliver. Our target consumer resides in Camp Spring, Maryland and seasonly seeks tax preparation services. Local small business make up our consumer base for our bookkeeping service. In order to access this community we have developed a marketing strategy to create an online presence and capitalize on target local markets. We also plan to educate consumers about our brand niche, â€Å"a friendly bu siness with commercial expertise!† Pricing The price for Tax preparation at Accounting Financial Solutions ranges between $80 to $170 pending on the size and amount file being processed. For Personal and Business Accounting we charge a percentage of the account, pricing is negotiable but accounts for the projected amount of time consumed. Promotion 1. Leverage referrals from professional contacts and individual clients to make this an integral part of how we conduct business. 2. Enhance our profile within our targeted industries and areas of specialization through being cited as possessing unique expertise in these areas. 3. Generating healthy friendships with clients and maintaining a constant out of work relationship. Service Our business and individual clients judge our competence based on how we treat them. This is their primary – and in many cases their only measurement of our capabilities. We must have each of our clients answer positively to these questions: Do t hey act in a professional manner? Do they know who I am? Do they know my name? Are they genuinely concerned about my best interest? Will they defend their advice and council if needed? Market Research Our market research is conducted by mail out surveys to get a more accurate depiction of our costumers response to our

Planet--61 Vir c Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Planet--61 Vir c - Essay Example The three planets forming the planetary system of 61 vir are vir b, vir c, vir d (table 2). They were discovered by a team of astronomers including Steven S. Vogt, Robert A. Wittenmyer, R. Paul Butler, Simon O’Toole, Gregory W. Henry, Eugenio J. Rivera, Stefano Meschiari, Gregory Laughlin, C. G. Tinney, Hugh R. A. Jones, Jeremy Bailey, Brad D. Carter, and Konstantin Batygin. The data leading to discovery of this planetary system was obtained from W. M. Keck observatory in Hawaii added to the observations made by Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) in New South Wales, Australia. The research was conducted in affiliation with National Science Foundation and NASA, who supported the research (Stephens). Table 1: Parameters of star 61 virginis 61 VIR Parameter Parameter Value References Year Stellar Type G5V Takeda et al. 2007 Mass 0.942(-0.029+0.034) solar masses Takeda et al. 2007 Radius 0.98Â ±0.03 solar radius Takeda et al. 2007 Age 8.96 (-3.08+2.76) Gyr Takeda et al. 2007 Distan ce from Solar System 27.8 light years Takeda et al 2007 Planets 3- Vir b, vir c, vir d Vogt et al. 2010 Table 2: Characteristics of planet 61 vir c (Vogt et al., 1366) 61 VIR C CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Value Distance from its star (Semi major axis) 0.2175 (Â ±0.0001) AU Mass of Planet (M.sin i) 0.0573(Â ±0.0035)MJ Discovery method/date code RV09 Sibling Planets Vir b and Vir d Orbital period 38.012Â ±0.036 days (Epoch JD 2453369.166) 38.021Â ±0.034 days (Keplerian orbital solutions) Eccentricity 0.14 61 VIRGINIS: 61 Viginis or HD 115617, is located at a distance of 28 light years (8.52 parsecs from the solar system, and is a part of the constellation virgo, along with many other stars namely Spica, ? virginis, ?virginis 70 virginis, chi virginis. The constellation virgo can easily be located on the basis of Spica, which is the brightest star of this constellation. Continuing on the curve formed by the seven major stars of ursa major, known as big dipper; to the star Arctur us of bootes constellation; the star spica can be located. The star belongs to the category of GV5 star, i.e. it is a main sequence star of G type while V is indicative of its luminosity. Main sequence refers to the stage of the life of a star. Stars occupying a position on Hertzsprung-Russel plot as a consequence of their absolute levels of brightness and colour index are known as main sequence stars (figure 1). Both of these properties are dependent on the mass of star which in turn is determined by the chemical composition and chemical reactions responsible for energy of the star (Habets and Heintze, 193). Figure 1: Hertzsprung-Russel plot (http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net) Thus the primary feature of a main sequence star is that it is in hydrostatic equilibrium, converting hydrogen in its core to helium by nuclear fusion; while simultaneously increasing in size. They form 91% of the stars known, are also known as dwarf stars in contrast to the rest which are known as white dwar fs (8%) and giants (1%). Our sun is a main sequence star and so is Virginis 61. The main sequence stars are further classified in to spectral classes depending on their temperature and other features such as luminosity and mass. Vir 61 belongs to spectral class G5, i.e. with a surface temperature of 10,000? C, Mass of 0.92 solar mass, luminosity 0.8 solar luminosity and lifespan of 15 billion years. (Habets and Heint

MCDonalds Essay Example for Free

MCDonalds Essay Strategy and Repositioning the Brand McDonald’s in India Sameer, Sharanbir Kaur Abstract- Despite global slowdown, Indian economy is resurgent and offers fresh opportunities as well as challenges to global players. McDonald‘s still treats the Indian market as one of their young markets although what they have achieved in 15 years here, it would usually take them 25 to 30 years in another market. McDonald‘s philosophy of Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value (QSCV) is the guiding force behind its stellar service to the customers. However there is still a huge potential in the Indian food market that remains untapped in terms of family restaurants, quick service restaurants and breakfast eateries. Coming in the wake of these, their rebranding effort requires much more than a mere change of the logo or signage. There is a need to critically evaluate the right marketing mix. The article is focused upon assessing the marketing efforts in India in terms of positioning of McDonald‘s. Index Terms- Rebranding, Repositioning, Demography, Marketing Mix I. FAST FOOD INDUSTRY IN INDIA T he Indian fast food industry has evolved over time and always has been in line with the needs of people of all ages and segments. There are enterprises which scale from one room outlet to a chain having hundreds of outlets like McDonalds in India. As per new research report ? Indian Fast Food Market Analysis? , India is blessed with one of the fastest growing fast food markets in the world. The Indian fast food market is growing at an annual growth rate of 30-35%. Almost all big fast food brands of the world have succeeded in making their presence felt in the country and most of them posting an appreciable growth. Although the market has witnessed robust growth in the past couple of years, it remains largely under penetrated and concentrated in the metropolitan cities. However, there is large room for growth in tier-II cities, tier-III cities which are mostly untapped. Therefore, the future of Indian fast food industry lies in masses that live in tier-II and tier-III cities. In 2013, the global fast food market is forecasted to have a value of $200 billion, an increase of 29. 3% and a volume of 94. 7 billion transactions, an increase of 10. 4% since 2008. The consumer spending on processed food has increased at an average rate of 7. 6 per cent annually from 2008 to 2010 and this is expected to rise at an average of around 8. 6 per cent until 2012, according to a report by Assocham. Almost all big fast food brands of the world have succeeded in making their presence felt in the country and most of them are posting appreciable growth. It is estimated through the Euromonitor International and Credit Suisse Emerging Consumer Survey, that the average Indian spends just $ 11 as compared to his Chinese counterpart who would ideally spend $ 20 on fast food. Yet , if we see the Indian spending on food in totality , they spend 23 % of their earnings on the same while the Chinese spending is 20 %. So, the inference that can be drawn is that owing to the eating pattern of Indians they prefer to eat at home and would spend on cooking ingredients over fast food. However, this does not spell good news for the industry. It is set to witness the entry of new fast food players that plan to hit the Indian market with a vengeance with international giants like Dunkin Donuts and Starbucks being amongst them. II. THE COMPETITION People prefer fast food because its cheap, easy to prepare, and heavily promoted. India is a developing country with 2 percent of organized and 98 percent of unorganized sector. So most of the fast foods that came into Indian market as India has a high growth in every sector. Major players in fast food in India are: McDonald’s KFC Pizza Hut Dominos Cafe Coffee Day Barista More than 75% of McDonalds restaurants worldwide are owned and operated by independent locals. McDonald‘s product line in India is almost similar to other burger chains with a dominant Indian flavour. Perhaps, it would be correct to say that their only similarity with their foreign outlets is that they have French Fries and still use buns. Examining the immense Indianzation they have attempted in their menu here it wouldn‘t be surprising to see Indian Chapatis in place of buns. Their current offerings reflect the same. www. ijsrp. org International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2012 ISSN 2250-3153 2 Table I : Present Menu for McDonald’s India Menu Ranges Burgers and other Bites Spicy Delights McSpicyPaneer ExtraValue Meals Chicken McNuggets Meal McAloo Tikki Happy Price Menu Breakfast Menu Favourites Sausage McMuffin with egg French Fries McAloo Tikki Happy Meal Meals Source: McDonaldsIndia. com Desserts Big Spicy Paneer Wrap Filet O Fish Meal Maharaja Mac Meal McVeggie /McChicken Meal Chicken McGrill Beverages McSwirl Iced tea/ Cold Coffee Minute Maid Pulpy Orange/ Cappucino/ Tea Soft Serve (Strawberry /Chocolate) Veg Supreme Veg Pizza McPuff Veg McMuffin Sausage McMuffin Pancakes Filet O Fish Chicken Maharaja Mac Chicken McGrill Meal McChicken/ McVeggie McVeggie Meal McFlurry McChicken meal III. BUSINESS MODEL The Business Model of McDonald‘s is a franchise-based model coupled with strong corporate branding. The focus is on the branding of McDonald‘s as a globally accepted service provider with strong customer perception about: www. ijsrp. org International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2012 ISSN 2250-3153 3 Happy Employees means Happy Customers McDonald’s Efforts of repositioning its Brand-Recently, McDonalds management has decided to change itsstrategies. They now want to provide not only a place to sit and eat but also an experience that can be enjoyed by their customers. Figure 1: The Service Marketing Triangle Zeithaml and Bitner (1996 ) McDonald‘s realized very early in their business that in order to achieve happiness amongst customers;the possible route is through happy, motivated and committed employees. In accordance with this they played on the customer first strategy. Even in India, their efforts clearly indicated that they were keen to understand the Indian consumer. Hence they adapted themselves to tickle the taste buds of their Indian customers to become a brand that enjoys a very high brandrecall. Therefore they focused on internal as well as external marketing. The level of importance has changed to be in the following order (the most important people arenow at the top). Corporate Branding The marketers are shifting the branding efforts from their product brands to a more holistic corporate branding . The reason for the shift can be traced to the belief that, it is the corporate image that carries a great impact on the buyers who are more aware and more exposed to media coverage on various issues be it environmental responsibility, being corporate social responsibility or be it responsibility towards health of future generation. McDonald‘s describe a corporate branding framework that is based on three elements: Figure 2: McDonald’s Service Pyramid Figure 3: Corporate Branding Source: Hatch and Schultz (2003)), â€Å"Bringing the Corporation into Corporate Branding†, European Journal of Marketing, The recent McDonald‘s rebranding strategy is a part of this thought and vision. McDonald‘s road to success has not always been rosy. They have been at the receiving end of the media‘s onslaught. There was a huge uproar in US after media exposure against McDonald‘s unhealthy menu that was affecting the nation and leading it to a generation suffering from obesity and heart diseases among many more ailments. There were employment issues internally which showed that they did not treat their workers well. Hence they assessed their strategies again and came up with new objectives that strengthened their previous aims and gave a new direction to them as well. www. ijsrp. org International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2012 ISSN 2250-3153 4 McDonald’s Marketing Efforts Over the Years – Proactive Rebranding – A Proactive strategy includes a new line of business or market that does not conform to the existing brand identity. When McDonald‘s once referred to itself as Mickey D‘s to target kids in a commercial, it had just coined a new way of catering to an audience separate from its traditional family audience. Objectives of McDonalds Repositioning StrategyMcDonalds, the promise of American fast food anywhere in the world, has had to rethink and reposition its brand offerings in different countries. While some basic elements like Ronald were left in place the menu underwent an overhaul. For example, in India, the menu has no beef dishes since it is not considered religiously correct to eat cow‘s meat: there is the very popular McAlooTikki, a potato-based patty in burger buns; the Big Mac is replaced by the Maharaja Mac, the Big Mac in chicken; there is also the paneer (cottage cheese) McVeggie burger. The Italian McDonalds has a special coffee spot. To celebrate its 20th anniversary in China, McDonalds rebranded under the Make Room for Happiness campaign. They had all you want coffee refills; Wi-Fi and a more modern restaurant design were unveiled. This was done exclusively for China, where McDonalds positioned itself as a place to relax away from the high demands of the average Chinese‘s life. Its Im Lovin It slogan made way for Make Room for Happiness, and McDonalds became the place where the stressed young Chinese can spend quality time rejuvenating after working for long hours. The result was an 18% increase in sales, and an increasing legion of fans that is fueling McDonalds growth in China. McDonald’s Changing Markets Changing Strategies Decades after its launch, the Big Mac is changing colours, literally. The worlds largest fast-food chain is letting go of its familiar red-and-yellow colours for more muted tones as it goes for its biggest and costliest revamp in the country, in line with its global strategy of attracting more adults. For the next generation of consumers McDonald‘s plans to cultivate a very different image from its existing one. After revamping 280 stores in various markets last year, McDonalds is now opting for the Tampa model and will spread that design to upwards of 800 locations this year — roughly triple what it did last year. The company is donning a new look when India is on its way of becoming a global hotspot for food retailers, with chains like Starbucks, Burger King planning to enter the country. Some McRemodel highlights include : †¢Redoing roofs The bright red roofs that have topped McDonalds for several decades are getting the heave, replaced with flatter, more conventional roofs. †¢Muting paint The neon yellows and reds common to the interiors and exteriors are becoming history, replaced with much more subtle oranges, reds, yellows and even greens. †¢Updating chairs Those industrial steel chairs are giving way to wooden chairs, colorful stools and, in some cases, vinylcovered chairs that resemble leather. Some stores will have larger lounge chairs similar to the kind you might expect to find in a coffee shop. †¢Doubling drive-through To ease lines inside and outside stores, many locations are adding second drive-through windows to speed up service. †¢Splashing colour McDonalds hasnt junked its familiar red and yellow colors altogether, but it is making them far less obvious. Instead of filling the restaurants with them, its splashing bright yellow and red here and there for effect. †¢Dividing dining areas The sea of tables and chairs is history in the remodelled stores. The new dining rooms are divided into separate eating zones for larger groups, eat-and-run customers and folks who want to stay and lounge. †¢Adding flat-screens TVs Large, flat-screen TVs — some playing contemporary music — are showing up in many locations, though fewer than half of the remodelled stores will display them. The new design makes the customer feel more comfortable and at leisure to enjoy their surroundings. This offers to McDonald‘s two key opportunities- firstly, to shift to another www. ijsrp. org International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2012 ISSN 2250-3153 customer base with high spending power and then to broaden their menu with offerings at a higher price point. Risks Involved When a global organization like McDonalds is going in for rebranding, a lot of financing is involved and the global impact is huge. Though the step taken by the managers of McDonalds is well calculated but speculations are on till the time it doesn‘t fair well in the market and most importantly to the customers. This kind of rebranding in the Indian Food Industry can help change the image of McDonald‘s completely like in the case of Pizza Hut, which has become a part of fine dining segment, which it was not earlier. The Indian consumer is considered to be loyal but still the risks involved are high. 1. A trade-off between what is expected from a company and what a company has to gain from the consumers One can see that one facet raises the scale while the other weighs it down making it a tough task. In order to sustain the balance, it requires big investments which will surely add to the costs incurred in the rebranding. If the rebranding falls flat, it will result in a major profit decline. 2. Store positioning McDonald‘s needs to have the most current information to determine if present outlets are cannibalizing each other‘s business. To achieve this McDonald‘s team willneed comprehensive, demographic data of India along with both theirs and competitors‘ outlets. IV. CONCLUSION The task is mammoth as McDonald‘s tries to keep up in the race for a piece of the great Indian pie . As per Forbes , McDonald‘s India operations contribute 30 % to their sales which is a considerable share. It might become imperative to create a Point of Difference to fight it out in the Indian market as all fast food brands have modelled themselves on local flavours now , the latest being KFC with its ? Streetwise‘ menu. While McDonald‘s does have the edge with its excellent supply chain and distribution network the customer ultimately does become the king with low brand loyalty in this category being the generalisation . The rebranding effort on their part seeks to bring 5 in a new flavour to their brand offering but what remains to be seen is whether they are still able to strike a chord with the customer. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to the people who assisted us in this endeavour of ours. First and foremost , we would like to thank Mr. Praveen Gupta, HOD , Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management for his valuable time and support. Also, a special mention to the staff of McDonald‘s Jor Bagh, Delhi who was very patient and helpful during our visits to the outlet for the study. REFERENCES [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Lovelock,Wirtz and Chatterjee ,? Services Marketing ? , in Plastics ,Sixth Edition ,India , Pearson , 2010 , pp. 66-98 , pp. 340-372 Aaker, D. A. (2004b), ? Leveraging the Corporate Brand? , California Management Review, 46 (3), pp. 6-18 Bijoor, H. , ? A Time to Rebuild? , Business India, February 20,2011 pp. 48. Hatch, M. J. and Schultz, ? Bringing the Corporation into Corporate Branding ? , European Journal of Marketing, 2003, 37 (7/8), pp. 1041-1064. Jacquelline, B. and Kline,S ,? From McLibel to McLettuce: Childhood, Spin and Re-branding? ,2007 , Society and Business Review, 2(1)

Happy Dent chewing gum

Happy Dent chewing gum TOPIC: HAPPY DENT CHEWING GUM INTRODUCTION There are many players in the confectionary mart which include HLL, perfetti India , Nestle India and Joyco Innovation at all spheres is the key to stay ahead of competition. Our constant effort is to continuously innovate and we have successfully done so in products (Center Shock, Alpenliebe Swirl candies, Happydent Gum, etc, etc) , in promotions ( Big Babol redemption contests, Cofitos Click Card promotion etc., etc) and also in our distribution system. the chewing gum I have selected is Happy Dent chewing gum and the advertisment or commercial selected is Muskura Le Jagmaga Le.Well in the commercial they are into exaggerted copies, with melodrama and hype spicing up and rightfully so as they are selling a product of the low involvement category.This new one is set in eastman colour, a palace and the Raja and Ranis in frame, the trappings of royality.A guywhose cycle gets off road in the centre of a bridge and he runs and runs over the fences, climbing locked gates,runs and runs t hrough long winding corridors, passing massive doors, a tennis court where the ranis are playing, a magnificient ball room where a slow dance is going on.with amazing sufi music with the jingle (tere man roshan mere man roshan, Prasoon Joshi wrote the lyrics. The commercial won the national award for the best commercial as well. HAPPY DENT CHEWING FOR SPARKING TEETH Happydent White Muskura Le Jagmaga Le commercial Reviews Hats off to the Mccann -Erickson guys -Prasoon joshi for amazing visualisation and daring execution.. Ram Madhvani for making the film ..it is no small job..for Shantanu moitra for the background scorewonderful sufiyana stuff.,for Kailash Kher, Pranav Biswas, Shantanu Moitra and Prasoon Joshi for singing it.Hope we had more ads that could evoke such recall in the TG . ADVERTISING STRATEGY No great startegy is used in this add but in this add they have shown the power of happydent in light that how much teeth gets shine after eating a happy dent. and they gave the name to the add mukura le jagmaga le to attract those people who dont have so much clean and refresh teeth that they can laugh openly in front of any one.thats why they used the old time for this ad. According to Technopak advi-sors Ltd., the oral care market in India is estimated to be close to Rs 4,000 crores of which the largest contributor is the toothpaste seg- ment accounting for approximately 75 percent of the total market in India. The toothpaste market is es- timated at Rs 2,866 crores and is expected to reach Rs 3,226 crores by 2012. The toothpowder market, valued at Rs 497 crores, on the otherhand, is expected to drop to Rs 458 crores by 2012. The mouthwash market an infant product segment for now is valued at Rs 74 crores and is expected to reach Rs 89 crores by 2012.The toothbrush market is valued at 539 crores.The main strategy behind it is to capture the market of tooth paste also. BIG IDEA BEHIND THE COMMERCIAL Practically all of rural India pre- fers cleaning their teeth with tradi- tional products such as neem twigs, salt, ash, tobacco or other herbal in- gredients, contributing to a low per- capita consumption of branded oral care products. according to WHO, Indias overall awareness of oral hygiene is still very poor. The dentist- to-population ratio is 1:35,000 in comparison to 1:7,500 as recom- mended by the WhO. But with burgeoning middle class and multi- pronged advertising campaigns, there is now a latent demand for the formal oral care products and this is set to rise exponentially in the com- ing years. Growth is also likely to emanate from consumers ‘upgrad- ing to matured, value-added and innovative products in this category. Of late, growth of modern trade has also propelled brand sales, especially in the urban marktes.In India, toothpowder was pri- marily targeted at people who used traditional products like salt, neem twigs and other herbal products. Brands like Colgate, Dabur, Babool, Vicco are the prominent players in the toothpowder market in India. Over the past decade it has be- come evident that growth opportunities really lie in the rising demand for toothpaste as the toothpowder is beginning to show a phase of de- cline, as more and more consumers are switching from powders to pastes. according to amit Burman, vice chairman, Dabur India Ltd, the toothpowder market is growing slowly and has been largely stagnant, whereas the market for toothpastes has been witnessing strong double- digit growth, largely driven by a consumer shift in rural markets from toothpowders to toothpastes. Unlike in western countries, the market for new-age oral care products such as mouth freshening wash es, dental flosses and teeth whitening products are at a nascent stage in In- dia. The limited use of these products is also for now restricted to urban ar- eas only. â€Å"The market for specialised cleaning products and mouthwashes has remained a slow grower, with a bulk of the market still controlled by regular value-added toothpastes,† says Burman. One reason for the sluggish growth could be the fact that mouthwash in India is perceived more as a product for therapeutic rather than daily and cosmetic use. Listerine dominates the OTC mouthwash category, while Be-adine, Clohex and hexidine are the major brands among the medically prescribed products. CREATIVE EXECUTION In this add a chewing gum is shown as which can be used in place of a tooth paste in place of a mouth freshner. Because this add is based on the old time of Raja and Rani. when there was no lights and all. when Raja sits to eat meal person chewing happy dent white and his teeths start sparkling so much that is puts light on the table then in place of every equipement which produce light there was a human being and when the light was needed person starts chewing gum. TACTICS Happy Dent white company covered all the three products in one product, Tooth paste Mouth freshner Chewing Gum In the beginning the commercial to create the interest of the consumer they show a person who was running some where after seeing the persons on car instead of Head Lights, this was like something very attactive and catchy to the customers and the lyrics added flavour to the advertisement. APPEAL In this commercial all the segment of customers are attracted because they have shown three qualities in one chewing gum Perfetti Van Melle India (Happydent White). Happydent White is a coated functional gum available in Peppermint and Fruit flavours with special ayurvedic recipe. The brands positioning is that ‘chewing happydent White can give you a sparkling smile. happydent White offers two sugar free variants Protex happy- dent and happydent White Xylit. Brand: Happy Dent White Product: Happydent WaveTooth Whitening Gum Medium: TVC Agency: McCann Erickson Creative team: Prasoon Joshi, executive chairman, McCann Erickson India, and regional executive creative director, Asia Pacific, McCann Erickson Production House: Black Magic, directed by Abhijit Chaudhari Post production: Reynold and Nikhil of Pixion. Storyboard: The film shows a shepherd searching for his lost flock of sheep. He comes across a lorry which has crashed and HappyDent Wave which comprised its cargo has been spilt all over. A herd of passing elephants tramples on the cargo, creating bursts of the toothwhitening liquid contained in the HappyDent Wave and this becomes a river, the elephants play in this river. It becomes night and the herd of elephants emerge, their tusks glowing bright thanks to the HappyDent they soaked them in. Villagers watching the forest light up in the distance say sadly that the village has yet to get electricity but Jungal mein mangal ho rahan hain. Behind the scenes: The film was inspired by folk lore of elephants playing in water according to Joshi. The film was shot in Kerala over a period of three days. Folk music was used as the background score, apt as the setting of the film is very rural. The films used a real location with a jungle and a lake and constructed the village. The shot of the elephants tusks gleaming like tubelights have been worked on in post production. The number of elephants were also multiplied to crePrasoon Joshi, executive chairman, McCann Worldgroup India, and regional creative director, McCann Asia, created the highly exaggerated Happydent campaign to re-create the brand promise of sparkling teeth, the category was looking for something just as outrageous to spur the confectionary purchase. Before the ad, consumers tended to confuse brand Happydent with rival Orbit. Effective advertising pushed Happydent to top of the mind recall in the category. Orbit was forced to change its communication from being a teeth whitening chewing gum to a gum with benefits like tooth decay prevention. Namita Gupta, product head, Perfetti India, says, Communication should be a mix of creative and effective advertising. Its pointless if our campaign is great, but we are not able to sell our products. The new variant of the Happydent campaign looses on the novelty factor. The new ad for HappyDent Wave pales in comparison, which features a herd of elephants that stomp through several cartons of the gel-filled variant only to end up with tusks that flicker like tube lights.ate the feel of a large herd. Gyaan: This is the latest commercial from Happydent after the two earlier films which set the benchmark for films that went again the grain for the product category. The first film was the photostudio film which had the assistant pop in a Happy Dent chewing gum before every shot for a flash, the second had a palace and a city, illuminated by folks grinning from ear to ear. The premise for the previous films was Muskurale Jagmagale, while the new improved premise is Daaton tale, diya jale. The product is a brand variant and not the Mother Brand which necessitated a new TVC. I would buy a Happydent todaythe recall is so much Happydent: An Elephantine effort for sparkling teeth Happydent is at it again . After the ‘photo studio film, and the globally acclaimed ‘Palace commercial, the brand has just unveiled a commercial for one of its new variants Happydent Wave. In the wake of the brand promise of Muskurale, jagmagale for Happydent White in 2007, Happydent Wave comes with the somewhat poetic promise of Daaton tale, diya jale. The film, conceived by McCann Erickson, opens on a shepherd looking for his lost sheep. He comes across a herd of elephants that has found a toppled lorry full of Happydent Wave. As the elephants step on the gum, there are splashes of water, which gradually turn into a river in which the elephants swim and play. At nightfall, the elephants tusks suddenly start shining bright, lighting up the jungle. The film ends with a few old men sitting in the darkness and quipping sarcastically, â€Å"Jangal mein mangal ho raha hai, par gaon mein toh bijli aayi hi nahin bhaiya!† (There is no light in the village, while the jungle is shining bright.) PRINT ADVERTISEMENT OF HAPPYDENT CHEWING GUM MAKES YOUR TEETH SHINE LIKE BULB

Women in Islam Essay -- Islam

In my research paper, I will try to argue that the way that Muslim extremists treat women in Islam, couldn’t be further away than what the Islam preaches. Misinformation and misconception about Muslim women is the main reasons why so many Westerner’s have the picture of Islam, especially in America, associated it with bad images of oppressed women hiding in their hijab,, or walking behind their husbands. What does Islam say about women and their right’s. Do Islamic countries follow Islamic teaching when dealing with women’s issues? Beliefs about how Muslim women are treated and blame the religion instead of the culture from which they came from. I hope that instead of falling into the typical stereotypes and cultural innovation, the information here will inform you of the true religion of Islam and how women are supposed to be treated through the verbatim words of god from any human being. Islam is one of the fastest growing religions in the world. How ever, when people say, "Islam," most people think about terrorism and the tragedy of September 11th, but what is true Islam? How does this affect today's world? Islam may be the most misunderstood religion in the world, but after reading this, you’ll probably have a lot more in common with the religion that is so foreign to so many. A comprehensive demographic study of more than 200 countries finds that there are 1.57 billion Muslims of all ages living in the world today, representing 23 percent of an estimated 2009 world population of 6.8 billion. Islam is one of the fasted growing religions there is today. Many of those converts are woman who are attracted to the religion based on it’s treatment for women. Islam is growing about 2.9% per year which is faster than the t... ...to preserve it from any altering like what happened to the religious scriptures, so the community started with the oral tradition of memorizing and before the time of the prophets death, the Koran was compiled with his approval and it’s still preserved in the same way as it was revealed to us 1400 years ago. The holy book not only had been memorized by the prophet, but he was also tested every year from the same angel and he was to repeat every single word back to him for 23 years until he died. and that promise has been fulfilled in that , it’s been untouched The Koran contains guidance defining the role of women in Islam according to the Koran, which hasn’t been altered for the last 1400 years. The guidance within this holy book were given to prophet Muhammad, which was Islam's last and final messenger, over the span of twenty-three years from the angel Gabriel.

The Immigrant Experience: The Anguish of Becoming American Essay

The Immigrant Experience: The Anguish of Becoming American Immigration from the Early 1990's still affects America today. The people who came to America from different countries brought their traditions, their families, and their culture. These three things stuck with them through thick and thin and are still thriving parts of what America is today. Many immigrants came with literally nothing in their pockets and had to work their way to success. The Immigrant Experience by Thomas Wheeler tells the story of nine different immigrants' trials and tribulations of coming and living in America. Each immigrant went through different experiences of becoming American but they also had their similarities. Four things that attributed to the assimilation of the immigrants are: language, money, religion, and ambition. Each immigrant experienced their individual trials, but they still all had several similarities. Almost all of the immigrants in this book came to America without being able to speak English, except for the immigrant from London. Alan Pryce-Jones came to America able to speak English and this put him at an advantage over the other immigrants because he could communicate with Americans. Also, he came to America after he established his writing in Europe. He came with money and wisdom which set him far above the other immigrants. The immigrants who couldn't speak English had to take classes and settle for low paying jobs because they could not communicate with their bosses. If they weren't working for someone else, they entrepreneured their own business. William Alfred, the Irish immigrant, was raised by a grandmother who owned her own business. This made it a little easier for him to find a job, and bring in money. J... ...America and living here made them American. But, they all brought over their own traditions and culture that still affect families today. Americans all have the outer candy coatings, but each peanut inside is different. The peanuts make the M & M's what they are. The outer appearance is the same but the inward structure is not. The peanuts do not affect the way the M & M looks but they sure do affect the way they taste. Next time you go to eat an M & M think about what America is. Is it a group of people who are all the same and have conformed to each other so that you cannot distinguish one from another? Or is America like a bowl of peanut M & M's where you can see how every one is similar but each individual is different on the inside? They may look American. They may act American. They may very well be American, but they cannot neglect their ancestry roots.

Organizational Change Essay -- Business, Interventions

Organizational change is an important part of organizational management and leaders cannot ignore the inevitability of having to manage change within their organizations. In addition, a global study that was conducted with over 2,000 organizations showed that 82 percent had implemented major information system change, which entailed other changes in structure, technology, and people as well (as cited in Robbins & Coulter, 2007). Therefore, it is imperative that managers and organizations understand how to increase their chances of having successful change programs. Diagnosis The first step in designing a change program is to understand what the problem or issue is that needs to be changed. This is referred to as diagnosis and is very important in making sure that the situation is fully understood so that an appropriate plan can be developed that will achieve the desired outcomes. In addition, diagnosis helps the organization determine what the scope of the issue is and how to make a change that will result in the desired outcome. There are several ways to receive the needed data to conduct a diagnosis. The organization can conduct attitude surveys, they can use direct observations, interview key individuals within the organization, develop workshops and review documents and records (Gibson et al., 2009). Unfortunately, many organizations do not take their time with this step which can result in flawed conclusions on the true nature of the problem, not understanding what their desired outcome from the change is, or not identifying the right intervention for the change. Therefore, it is very important to collect the needed information from various sources to determine the nature and scope of the issue or p... ...nforcement (Gibson et al., 2009). Conclusion The concept of change is relatively easy to understand, but making a change within an organization is complicated and involves numerous variables. First mangers need to use a systematic approach to determine the issues. They have to develop a course of action that resolves the issue, makes sure that everyone understands the issue, and the need for change. Mangers have to then move everyone to the new behavior using learning principles of training, demonstration, motivation, and empowerment. Finally, there must be feedback on how the change worked, make any needed adjustments, and reinforce the new behavior so old habits are eliminated. Change is an important part of all organizations and mangers that are able to develop and implement effective change programs will be valuable members of their organization.

Rational Approach of Organizational Change Essay

Committee unanimously approved a financial fair play concept for the game’s well-being in September 2009 and on 27 May 2010 approved the UEFA Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play Regulations Edition 2010, in the presence and with the full support of the European Club Association chairman, Karl-Heinz Rummenigge. The concept, which has been supported by everyone around football, looks at the long as well as short-term health of club football and individual clubs. In particular, the objectives aim to introduce more discipline within club finances and encourage responsible spending and investment. Financial fair play is a key point in the 11 values of the UEFA president presented at the UEFA Congress in Copenhagen in March 2009. Despite a background of huge and increasing public and commercial interest in European club football over the last decade, many clubs across Europe are in poor financial health, struggling to meet their financial responsibilities and commitments, and reporting repeated financial losses. UEFA has a duty to consider the systemic environment of European club football in which individual clubs compete, in particular, the wider inflationary impact of clubs’ spending on salaries and player transfer fees and increasing levels of indebtedness across European club football, as the Club Licensing Benchmarking Report shows. Therefore, as requested by and in consultation with the football family, UEFA has aimed to develop sensible and achievable club monitoring requirements to supplement the existing club licensing criteria, in order to safeguard the sustainability of European club football. To supplement and complement the former UEFA Club Licensing Regulations, the UEFA Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play Regulations, comprising both club licensing criteria and club monitoring requirements derived from the financial fair play concept, entered into force on 1 June 2010, with the various financial fair play requirements being phased in over a number of seasons. The consistent application of the club licensing criteria by licensors and the monitoring of clubs are overseen by the independent Club Financial Control Panel, which was created in 2009. If a criterion or requirement of the regulations is not fulfilled, appropriate measures will be taken against the club by UEFA’s independent disciplinary bodies. Potential disciplinary sanctions are the remit of the competent disciplinary bodies that have a palette of sanctions at their disposal including ultimately the exclusion from future UEFA club competitions. Since its creation, the Club Financial Control Panel has referred numerous clubs to UEFA’s disciplinary bodies for both club licensing and club monitoring breaches. Of course many people also believe that the dream of Michel Platini for competitive but healthy football for all the 660 football teams under UEFA’s jurisdiction will fail. But taking into consideration the fact that if the FFP fails the credibility of Michel Platini will be harmed the UEFA Club Financial Control Panel are determined to help the president of UEFA achieve its dream. The tasks of the independent Club Financial Control Panel to achieve Platini’s dream are to ensure that the UEFA club licensing system is applied correctly across all 53 UEFA member associations and that clubs have fulfilled the criteria defined in the UEFA Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play Regulations. As well as conducting and deciding on licensing compliance audits to check the awarding of licenses by the national decision-making bodies and checking that club competition integrity rules have been observed, the Club Financial Control Panel governs the ongoing club monitoring process (financial fair play) after the awarding of licenses. It was introduced at the start of the 2004/05 season with the goal of encouraging European club football to look beyond the short term and consider underlying longer-term objectives essential for the game’s continued good health. It is based on a series of defined quality standards, which each club must accomplish to gain entry to UEFA’s club competitions, and on the key principles of transparency, integrity, credibility and capability. The 36 specific criteria of the licensing system can be broken down into five main categories: 1) sporting 2) infrastructure 3) personnel 4) legal 5) financial These criteria – developed in cooperation with the national associations – have helped to improve the credibility of club operations and led to better transparency and governance by clubs and national associations. A license granted to a club by its national association proves that it has achieved a certain quality level.

Childhood Obesity Annotated Bib

English 100/009 Annotated bibliography- Child Obesity in America Taras, H. , Potts-Datema, W. (2005) Obesity and student performance at school. Journal of School Health, 75, 291-295. Retrieved October 4, 2005 from EBSCO (8) This Journal talks about obesity among school-aged children and academic outcomes. The authors reviewed published studies investigating obesity, school performance, and rates of student absenteeism. The book is recent (2005) so I feel that the information provided will still be the similar to today.I feel this is relevant to my research as it proves that obesity can cause problems in other important aspects of life. It also provides very satisfying facts that will back my research very well. Okie, Susan. Fed Up! : Winning the War against Childhood Obesity. Washington, D. C: Joseph Henry Press, 2005. Print. This book examines some of the factors contributing to childhood obesity, such as poor diet, lack of exercise, suburban sprawl, and TV, and provides advice on h ow parents can make positive changes. It primarily focuses on these issues within America.It covers a wide variety of topics with the main topic of obesity, which I think I will find beneficial to my research as all these factors contribute. Dalton, Sharron. Our Overweight Children: What Parents, Schools, and Communities Can Do to Control the Fatness Epidemic. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004. Print. This book looks at what's behind the statistics and diagnoses, and considers what can be done about the major health crisis threatening American children. Dalton begins with the basics: what obesity is, what causes it, and why it matters.Integrating information from scientific and popular sources, she reviews current diet and exercise recommendations for healthy living, comparing these recommendations with everyday realities experienced by American families. I feel this book will be good for all general understanding as it starts basic and then gets more in depth. I believ e this will contribute well to my research as it covers a wide basis and focus on main points that could be causing this epidemic i. e parents. Smith, J C. Understanding Childhood Obesity.Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1999. Internet resource. Dr. J Clinton Smith tries to cover nearly every field of obesity research. The book deals with methods of control, the body’s physical and chemical makeup, prevention strategies, new treatments and behavior modifications and future research. Again, this will be very beneficial to my research but even more so as it focuses a lot on the psychological side of obesity, where as the others and focusing more on the food itself and the contributing factors. Hills, Andrew P, Neil A.King, and Nuala M. Byrne. Children, Obesity and Exercise: Prevention, Treatment, and Management of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity. London: Routledge, 2007. Print. This book covers 3 major topics of obesity: the prevention, treatment and the management . Even though this not specifically for American children, I feel that it will still be beneficial as obesity is a global epidemic. I believe this will be a good aspect for my research as it covers how obesity in children can be prevented and I feel this is what America needs to know.

Non-Hodgins Lymphoma with Case Study Example

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphocytes the white blood cells. The lymphocytes and lymph system are essential in our body’s immune protection. It is an abnormal growth rate of these cells. Since lymph is found throughout the body it is easily spread from one area to another. In 2008 there were over 66,000 new cases and just over 19,000 deaths from it (cancer. gov). It is categorized as slow growing or fast growing, as well as if it starts in the T-cells or the B-cells. Lymphomas from B cells are most common in the United States. The lymphoma can develop in any of the lymph tissues, and discovery of which kind of lymphoma determines the treatment options (cancer. org). Causes Although there are no definite causes to Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma there have cases where it has been linked to persons with another ailment. Autoimmune diseases like RA and SLE have been linked to NHL. Exposures to chemicals such as benzene and treatments in chemotherapy have been seen in trends to cause NHL. People who are immunocompromised like HIV patients and those that are on immunosuppressant from transplants are also at risk for Lymphomas. Also, people having excessive exposure to large amounts of radiation, like cancer treatments have an increased risk of developing this lymphoma. NHL is mostly seen in the older community so age is also a risk factor. Also chronic diseases may increase the chances of getting a lymphoma due to the increased risk of mutations from constantly producing new lymph cells. Some patients can be born with a disease that can lead to NHL due to a defect in their DNA. It is not likely that they can pass on the NHL to their offspring if they don’t have the underlying disease. Most often it develops independently. Discovery Lumps in the skin and lymph nodes can be discovered by the patient, their partner or doctor. Where the lump is located can also give extra symptoms. For instance, if it is found near the skin there would be a swelling in the surrounding tissue. If it’s in the abdomen it can cause severe pain and possible digestive problems. If the lymphoma is on the skin t can cause an itchy patch. If it is in the chest cavity it can cause trouble breathing. Case Study: Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Shannon Z is an active 58 yr old female. In her early twenties she had undergone chemotherapy and radiation for her treatment of breast cancer. When she noticed the lump in her neck she immediately went to see her doctor. The doctor ordered some blood tests and a biopsy of the lump. Her doctor wasn’t very concerned because fighting an infection can also cause enlarged nodes in the neck. She ordered the tests anyway because of the patient’s medical history. Along with the lump, she experienced drenching night sweats which are another symptom of NHL but she thought it was a side effect of menopause. Other signs to look for would be persistent fevers and a sudden loss of weight, usually 10 % body weight or more. An incisional biopsy is a surgical technique used to obtain a sample of the node for observation. This was used because the enlarged node was close to the skin surface. There are other biopsies available. Fine needle biopsies can also be used but often don’t provide enough sample to determine if its lymphoma or not but does not require surgery. Lumbar punctures look for lymphoma in the CNS. Bone marrow aspiration looks for the cancer inside the bone and bone marrow by removing pieces of the bone and/or marrow. Laboratory tests All samples must be diagnosed be a trained pathologist with experience in lymphomas. The most important test would be those differentiating if the patient has a cancer, then T cell lymphoma from the B cell lymphoma. If a concrete diagnosis can’t be made from looking at the cells then other methods must be used. Methods like Immunocytochemistry involve using fluorescent tags on the surface of the cells can differentiate the different lymphomas from each other and non cancerous diseases. Flow cytometry uses antibody tagging and laser beams to cause the cells to emit light if they have the antigen. This is important because different NHL’s have specific antigens. Discovery of the type of NHL helps determine the treatment route. Blood tests cannot determine a lymphoma but they do show significance of the rate of growth of the lymphoma. CT scans and MRIs provide the doctors with images of the size of the actual lymph nodes and how many growths there are through the body. Prognosis There are two staging systems for NHL. The most common is the Ann Arbor system. It uses 1-4 to stage the severity of the disease. Stage 1 has lymphoma in one area in the lymph system and one outside the system (organ). A lymphoma is considered stage 2 if it is found exclusively in 2 areas above or 2 areas below the diaphragm and organs in close proximity to lymph. Stage 3 occurs when it is found on both sides of the diaphragm and other organs near lymph. Stage 4 is when lymphoma reaches the bone marrow, CSF, or an organ not next to a lymph source. This system is used in conjunction with the International Prognosis Index. The IPI uses the age of the patient, stage of the cancer, patient everyday performance status, location of the tumors, and levels of LDH (increases as the lymphoma spreads) Good Prognostic FactorsPoor Prognostic Factors Age 60 or belowAge above 60 Stage I or IIStage III or IV No lymphoma outside of lymph nodes, or lymphoma in only 1 area outside of lymph nodesLymphoma present in more than 1 organ of the body outside of lymph nodes PS: Able to function normallyPS: Needs a lot of help with daily activities Serum LDH is normalSerum LDH is elevated (Chart provided from www. cancer. org) Treatment Chemotherapy is often used in conjunction with radiation for low levels, or with medications like Rituxan or Zavalin. Rituxan is an antibody that targets the cancerous cells. Zavalin is an antibody with a radioactive component. The antibody attaches itself and the radioactive isotope destroys the cell. These drugs are used for the more persistent lymphomas because chemo and radiation have been proven very effective against the lymphoma. Stem cell transplantation is also another option. Once diagnosed, patients are requested to have frequent physicals and blood tests to track the growth of the cancer. Resources http://www. oncologychannel. com/nonhodgkins/diagnosis. shtml http://www. cancer. org http://www. cancer. com http://www. mayoclinic. org

Chiang Rai Thailand Health And Social Care Essay

This is a quantitative research review on a survey conducted in 2008 in the northern state of Chiang Rai, Thailand. The survey investigates the causal relationships between age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, symptom experience, self-care schemes, and health-related quality of life ( HRQOL ) in people populating with HIV/AIDS ( PLWHA ) in the northern part of the said state. Four hundred 22 topics were selected to take part in the research and from them informations were collected with the usage of four different questionnaires. The consequences revealed that symptom experience had a important negative direct consequence on the HRQOL as opposed to age, societal support, antiretroviral intervention and self-care schemes which had important positive consequence on the HRQOL. Furthermore, it was seen that societal support and antiretroviral intervention had an indirect consequence on the HRQOL through self-care schemes. With these findings, it was recommended that public ity of societal support and attachment to antiretroviral intervention must be achieved to heighten the quality of life of people populating with HIV/ AIDS. The rubric is dryly stated which included a minimum figure of words but still adequately describes the contents of the paper ( Day & A ; Gastal, 2006 ) . It is concise yet does non compromise its relevancy and does non sound uninteresting. It is briefly put together but still is moderately extended to explicate the research without overpowering readers with excessively much information. Furthermore, the rubric is formulated in a strong and simple mode which is really of import in guaranting readers will non be distracted or confused. The rubric presents the topic of the research which is the health-related quality of life in people populating with HIV/ AIDS in the northern part of Thailand. The research workers of this survey are Thitiarpa Tangkawanich, Jintana Yunibhand, Sureeporn Thanasilp, and Kathy Magilvy. Thitiarpa Tangkawanich, RN, Msc, Jintana Yunibhand, RN, Msc, PhD, and Sureeporn Thanasilp, RN, Msc, DNS are members of the Faculty of Nursing in Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand while Kathy Magilvy, RN, PhD, FAAN is a professor of the College of Nursing of the University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA. With all these academic certificates and makings, the research workers can be considered believable personalities in their several Fieldss of fortes. The research was made by well-thought-of professors and registered nurses. All of them have maestro ‘s grade while Tangkawanich is the lone one without a doctorial grade. The article uses an declarative or descriptive abstract to supply a brief sum-up of the chief points of the research ( Day & A ; Gastal, 2006 ) . Since the research surveies a societal occurrence in a quantitative attack, the research workers used this sort of abstract as it describes what transpired during the full research procedure. The abstract references the condensed signifier of the research purpose, which is to happen out the causal relationships between age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, symptom experience, self-care schemes and health-related quality of life. The methodological analysis used in carry oning the research is mentioned although some information was excluded as they were discussed in item in the succeeding parts of the research. Four different questionnaires were used to roll up informations from the 422 respondents chosen for the survey. Using the Likert evaluation graduated table, the informations were analyzed and were so subjected to statist ical intervention with SPSS and LISREL. The abstract besides reports the major findings ( Day & A ; Gastal, 2006 ) which show that symptom experience has a important negative consequence on the HRQOL while the other staying variables had a important positive consequence. Additionally, societal support and antiretroviral intervention were besides found to hold an indirect consequence on HRQOL via self-care schemes. Last, the abstract of the survey suggests a recommendation for the health-care squad, together with the household and community, to advance societal support and guarantee antiretroviral intervention to heighten the quality of life in people populating with HIV/ AIDS sing the research findings. It besides illustrates the survey ‘s significance to clinical pattern. The research job is clearly presented in the debut of the article as it explains the principle behind the behavior of this survey ( Walsh & A ; Wigens, 2007 ) . The purpose in this survey is to look into the causal relationships between age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, symptom experience, self-care schemes and the HRQOL in people populating with HIV/AIDS in northern Thailand. It examines whether or non relationships between these factors exist, what sort of relationships exists if there are any and how does it implicate the people with the infection and the likely intercessions to be taken by wellness attention squad every bit good. The debut was besides able to give a state of affairs about how people with HIV/AIDS in the involved survey puting live their lives. It gave a brief treatment about HIV/AIDS which significantly provides a good jump-start in explicating the entireness of the research. The debut states the scarceness in research stuff that focal point on the relationships among the variables identified, HRQOL and PLWHA, set uping the demand for the survey to be conducted. Although the debut was able to discourse the major points and variables in the survey, it did non include the restrictions. Additionally, the debut besides did non explicate the chief subject from a bigger international range to a narrow and more specific degree ( Day & A ; Gastal, 2006 ) . In amount, the debut was able to set up a clear logic, an analysis of old plants, background information and the chief intent of the research ( Walsh & A ; Wigens, 2003 ) . The broad literature reappraisal used in the research was able to give a good background about the major points in the survey. However, many other stuffs still could hold been used to further beef up the survey ‘s literature reappraisal. It is notable that the survey is supported by up to day of the month information which makes it more timely and relevant. The literature reappraisal utilized articles from many other research workers whose research end products have greatly provided helpful informations to the survey. The description of the present life conditions of the respondents ( Sukati et al. , 2005 ) , the self-care schemes that they use ( Panuwatsuk, 1998 ) , the symptoms and their correlativity to HRQOL ( Dodd et al. 2001 ) , the current antiretroviral intervention ( Heckman 2003 ) , all these and others, were taken from researches conducted from twelvemonth 2000 through 2007. The literature is able to show in text the theoretical construction from which the survey was anchored. With the sum of referenced articles presented in the literature, the balanced rating of back uping and opposing stuffs for the proposition is demonstrated. Since merely few researches surveies were made sing the indirect consequence of the many factors identified on the HRQOL in PLWHA, the necessity to develop a theoretical account that could show the direct and indirect effects of the forecasters on the HRQOL in PLWHA has clearly risen as stated in the literature reappraisal. Furthermore, of import mentions were acknowledged consequently to further reenforce the soundness of the survey. Notwithstanding, it may hold given an extended overview on the survey, but still it was non able to show a few important points. Although the literature illustrated a comprehensive background on the survey and the variables involved, it did non overtly cite the cardinal theoretical model. The survey is a quantitative research which tries to explicate a societal phenomenon. This connotes that no change of the environment was made and the respondents were non subjected to any signifier of controlled scene, therefore, variables involved are limited. Since this is a quantitative research, it must hold a sound hypothesis which will function as its anchor. But it is non stated alternatively, an implied hypothesis was used to see whether or non relationships exist among the forecasters: age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, self-care schemes and symptom experience on wellness -related quality of life in people populating with HIV/AIDS. This is an illustration of a non-directional hypothesis ( Wood & A ; Haber, 2006 ) , where the hypothesis being tested is reversible but can be tested by geting informations and subjecting them to statistical analysis. The research workers used words that are largely clear and apprehensible. They did non utilize excessively many slangs in the he-man. Abbreviations like HRQOL, PLWHA and HIV/AIDS are besides clearly defined to avoid confusion. Footings besides have consistent and consistent definitions throughout the survey, particularly those operationally defined for this research ( Walonick, 2005 ) . The survey uses a cross-sectional quantitative survey with a non-experimental research design in placing the respondents ‘ degree of HRQOL in relation to their age, antiretroviral intervention, societal support, symptom experience, and self-care schemes. It means that an experimental survey utilizing a aggregation of informations on one juncture was made with a specific group of population all at the same clip ( Walsh & A ; Wigens, 2003 ) . It is the appropriate method to be used as it gives a snapshot of what happens in a chosen mark group or a phenomenon at one point in clip ( Babbie, 2010 ) . It is besides fit for this research as it is normally used in societal and medical scientific discipline. However, it besides has its failing or restriction since it merely captures the information at one specific clip as opposed to longitudinal surveies which involve a series of measurings taken over a period of clip ( Babbie, 2010 ) . Bing a non-experimental research, no use of the va riables was done and there was no effort made to alter the status, behavior or the environment of the variables as they are measured and analysed as they are. The respondents were merely made to reply questionnaires that will reflect their ain personal experience and at the same clip supply informations for the research worker ‘s perusing. The topics chosen for the survey are 422 people populating with HIV/AIDS who visited eight chosen outpatient infirmaries in the state of Chiang Rai in the northern portion of Thailand. Of which, 188 are males and 234 are females, with ages runing from 21 to 51 old ages old. The figure of respondents may non be sufficient to wholly stand for the mark population in the research puting but in many fortunes, a smaller sample size may be more important and useable in look intoing a state of affairs in deepness from different positions, while a big sample would be undistinguished particularly in societal researches ( Myers, 2000 ) . The research workers employed the lottery method without replacing in indiscriminately choosing eight infirmaries out of the 17 infirmaries in the northern state of Chiang Rai, Thailand. A random sampling method was so made to find the 422 topics who will be portion of the survey. They are people populating with HIV/ AIDS who visited the eight chosen outpatient infirmaries. The usage of lottery method in concurrence with simple random trying makes the choice of respondents more effectual and valid as it ignores repeat choices of component and gives more precise calculators ( Kalton, 1983 ) . Clearly, the attack used in sample choice and the sample size are doubtless stated. The research workers were able to methodically discourse the process undertaken in informations aggregation. They used four questionnaires to garner informations from the participants: societal support questionnaires, symptom experience questionnaire, self-care schemes questionnaire and health-related quality of life questionnaires. Each of these questionnaires has been carefully chosen and drafted for the survey. The three questionnaires for societal support, self-care schemes and health-related quality were all adapted from old research while the questionnaire for symptom experience was drafted establishing on the reappraisal of literature. The cogency and dependability of the questionnaires were greatly anchored on the internal consistences used for each questionnaire. The questionnaires are meticulously reviewed by the research worker to guarantee its ability to mensurate what it intends to mensurate ( Foddy, 1993 ) . However, no reference about pilot testing was made and this ma y be considered one of the survey ‘s failings. Creswell ( 2003 ) stated that ethical issues arise most normally in informations aggregation where confidentiality and namelessness are in careful examination. These concerns are recognised and acted upon by the research workers by guaranting respondents were given due protection and their safety is non abridged. The research workers acquired the blessing of the Ethical Review Committee for Research Involving Human Subjects and/or Use of Animals in Research, Health Science Group of Faculties, Colleges and Institutes, Chulalongkorn University, and the Ethical Review Committee for the Biomedical Group, Chiangraiprachanukroh Hospital, Thailand. With human topics involved in the survey, such blessing was obtained. The intent and methods of the survey were explained to the participants through the informed consent which acknowledges the participants ‘ rights are protected ( Creswell, 2003 ) . The consequences of the survey were presented clearly in graphical signifier and text. The consequences of the statistical intervention of the informations were explained in four concise yet extremely enlightening paragraphs while the demographics of the topics were presented in a more ocular and apprehensible tabular array ( Kumar, 2005 ) . The internal consistences of the informations, utilizing the Cronbach ‘s alpha were besides presented accurately, for societal support 0.8, for symptom experience which was clustered into six symptoms, weariness 0.88, nausea 0.92, diarrhea 0.93, depression 0.92, neuropathy 0.93 and anxiousness 0.92 ; for self-care schemes 0.77 and eventually for HRQOL 0.85. Given all these figures, readers are assured that the consequences are good calculated and analysed to guarantee that high degree of cogency and dependability is achieved. Four different and highly-structured questionnaires ( Overseas Learning Faculty 2004 ) were used in roll uping informations. The usage of questionnaires is the appropriate technique in obtaining informations for cross-sectional designed research or societal studies as it acquires first-hand information from the topics without change or use of their responses ( Bryman & A ; Bell, 2003 ) . On the other manus, SPSS and LISREL, statistical computing machine plans that perform higher computations and structural equation, were used for statistical analysis. Statistical interventions done with the said statistical tool are considered extremely right ( Norse School of Management, 2009 ) . The consequences of the information analysis show that path relationships between the variables were investigated to guarantee that important differences are non attributed to fluctuations in other relevant variables. It can besides be noted that the information analysis adequately showed the complete infor mation with the trial value, grade of freedom and chance for each identified variable, thereby giving more constituted consequences. The treatment of the research findings ties together all the pieces of the survey and gives a image of the survey as a whole. It relates and translates the figures to literature reappraisal therefore doing it more comprehendible and balanced ( Russel, 2002 ) . The research workers were able to travel back to literature and discourse that most of their research findings are consistent and similar with the plants antecedently done by other research workers on HRQOL in PLWHA. It besides tackled the deductions of the topics ‘ socio-economic position, gender, age, societal support, antiretroviral intervention, and symptom experience and self-care schemes to their health-related quality of life. The restriction of the survey was besides acknowledged where the usage of cross-sectional theoretical account was perceived to be the theoretical account ‘s failing since it merely gives a snapshot of the existent discernible fact at one point in clip ( Wood & A ; Haber, 2006 ) . Theref ore, it was suggested that future surveies should be conducted to further set up the causal relationships between the variables longitudinally over a longer period of clip to get enduring and more dependable research consequences. The decision coheres with and is supported by the consequences obtained. The research workers conclude that a causal theoretical account of HRQOL in PLWHA indicate that most factors have direct and indirect effects on the HRQOL. Consequently, age, societal support, antiretroviral intervention, symptom experience, and self-care schemes are considered to be important factors in explicating and foretelling the HRQOL in Thai PLWHA. Furthermore, self-care schemes link societal support and antiretroviral intervention with HRQOL in Thai PLWHA. The research workers besides presented the deductions of the survey which are really instrumental in the survey ‘s concluding recommendations. With the findings and decisions at manus, the research workers strongly recommend executable propositions to assist people populating with HIV/AIDS achieve a higher quality of life as they hurdle challenges of huge proportions, including HIV-stigma, deficiency of societal support, and mental wellness issues such as depression ( Jiraphongsa et al. , 2009 ) . The research workers gave motive on the publicity of societal support from the household and the community as it was found to be positively correlated with a better quality of life ( Fogel, 1998 ) . Observation to antiretroviral intervention, early symptom sensing and prompt intercession and pattern of self-care schemes must besides be ensured to accomplish a higher quality of life. The research workers besides pointed out the demand to carry on future research on this subject to get the better of the restrictions they met in carry oning this academic work for stronger and more dependable consequences. ( 2,770 words )

Economic impacts of gambling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economic impacts of gambling - Essay Example To address this issue, gambling agencies and brokers have moved outside of the United States in order to provide an online service, which does not have to respond to the particular legal issues of any one region of the country. With the help of these online gambling websites, the industry has become a major commercial industry, with nearly $335 billion dollars in annual revenue (Leaders). Clearly, there is an economic effect of gambling within the United States; however, the nature and value of this effect is worth consideration. According to Williams, Rehm and Stevens (2011), the research literature examining the effects of gambling on the economy is rich, with over 492 studies addressing the issue alone. Part of this large-scale interest in gambling by economists and other social scientists has to do with the policy decisions that come about constant debate about the worth of casinos and other gambling institutions. While most of these studies are not empirical and look only at the relationship between certain factors like problem gambling and gambling institution proximity, many of these studies do in fact examine the economic issues that arise when a gambling institution is established in a certain locale. ... Gambling tends to benefit government revenue because governments tend to tax casinos more due to the nature of their business and for the fact that profit margins of gambling institutions tend to be higher than any other industry (Leaders). Governments may also benefit from gambling in the sense that they are service provider, such as the case is with lotteries. The profit from these systems is often put into a program or service that receives public support. In Europe, gambling monopolies are held by the government and not private enterprise (Meyer-Arendt and Hartmann). Accordingly, there seems to be a consistency in the results of empirical studies finding that gambling institutions tend to increase the profits of the government at the same time it leads to profits for the industry. Because governments use these profits from gambling, they provide additional public services that would not have been affordable from taxes alone. Governments, as one of the primary beneficiaries, eithe r utilize the public services argument or earmark certain laws in order to maximize their own profit. Thus, gambling can have wide ranges of effects in terms of what the government believes is possible for their public services based on the profits extracted from the gambling industry (Anders). On the other side of the coin, governments may decide to lower taxes instead of providing these public services, which will affect businesses and residents within the jurisdiction of that government (Rankine and Haigh). Any policy related to taxes will eventually affect individual decision-making and incentives. Based on the share of the profits that governments collect from gambling, which can be quite substantial, this effect on taxes

America at War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

America at War - Essay Example Eisenhower said that "a vital element in keeping the peace is our military establishment". The two factors - peace and military might - are naturally at odds with each other and as such it is strange to find that the terms are so often promoted in conjunction with one another. Indeed, America continues along this line of logic still today, albeit in a different way than the former President had imagined. Eisenhower truly believed that the best way to secure peace for his nation was to become impenetrable; he thought that building one of the strongest military forces in the world would dissuade any potential enemies from acting out in a violent manner and taking American lives. Certainly it can be said that no other nation has waged war on America in the years following the Farewell Address, however the crucial difference between Eisenhower's vision and current American military exploits is the use of force upon other nations like Afghanistan and Iraq. Modern America pursues enemies t hat it perceives as ideological and terrorist threats; in the attacks on Afghanistan and Iraq the United States has sought to retaliate for calculated attacks on American soil. The very presence of terrorism in the modern United States can show both how Eisenhower was justified in his belief of military might for peace, and how despite this proven ideology enemies find ways to strike. America's military strength means that no other nation in the world would seek open combat; therefore opposing views and enemy forces will not be represented by other states but as smaller, dynamic organizations. The President also stressed his belief that America should not rely on the emergency weaponry that could be created by its own individual citizens at short notice; this was the military history of Eisenhower and he was concerned that in the future America should be able to count on its own federal arms reserve. The President had seen the world thrown into war as Nazi Germany and Japan tried to conquer foreign nations and eradicate entire groups of people they considered expendable. Stopping the German forces became one of the most difficult tasks the Allied forces would ever face, and as a result it is understandable that President Eisenhower worried about the future state of his country's military. Certainly in the face of international advancements in terms of arms, the United States could not afford to sit back and hope it would have no need for its military forces to be well-equipped. At the point of the Farewell Address, American federal funding had been vastly increased to its military and Eisenhower expressed his hope that this would continue to be increased as the country invested in scientific research that could change the face of the military completely. The President does not seem to have taken into consideration the fact that at the cue of the United States, other developed nations would decide to bulk up their own military forces in response. Specifically, take the Cold War into consideration and it is easy to see how this idea of an impenetrable nation is inextricable linked to the perception of a dangerous nation. In advancing further and